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(No Model.) 2 SheetsSheet 1.

O. F. BRUSH.

SECONDARY BATTERY CHARGING. No 395,877. Patented Jan. 1, 1889.

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O. P. BRUSH.

SECONDARY BATTERY CHARGING.

No. 395,377. Patented Jan. 1, 1889.

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rent stops or becomes greatly reduced, the magnet G being no longer able to support or uphold the lever E, the latter drops, separating the contacts 9 f and making contact between 6 and 71 Thus the batteries are disconnected at one end from the chargingline a and the circuit of the generator is completed through other pathsviz., through the line (1, contacts c 71, conductor F, line a magnet and line a. \Yhen the charging-current is again started, the magnet C raises the lever E into the position shown, and the charging of the batteries is resumed.

The translating devices D, (shown in Fig. 1 as arranged in multiple are and in series in Fig. 2) are operated by the discharge of the batteries B when the charging-current from the generator is not acting. If. they are left in circuit while the charging-current is acting, they may be regarded as being operated wholly or in part by the charging-current direct. If they require less than the chargingcurrent, the excess of the latter will pass through the battery, augmenting its charge. If they require more than the charging-current, the latter will be supplemented and reenforced by a discharge from the battery. Instead of using the low conductor F, the resistance G (shown in Fig. 2) may be employed and may be made adjustable, if desired. The contact-points e,f, g, and h are preferably made of carbonsuch as is used in electric-arc lighting-so that their surfaces may not become impaired by the sparks which may occur between them. Obviously an axial magnet with movable core may be employed instead of the form shown at C. When the lever E rises, a spark or are must form between the points 6 and h during the time the lever is moving and until contact is established between f and g. The ultimate distance apart of 'e and 71 is so adjusted that the resistance to the passage of current offered by the spark or are between these points is considerable, or even greater than that offered by the batteries B, so that when f and 9 make contact the passage of current between e and 71 ceases. \Vhen aresistance, G, is placed in the short circuit, the points 6 71V may be worked at a less separation, and the spark or are between them greatly reduced, owing to the fact that the resistance replaces more or less of that which was in the first instance necessarily in the spark between 0 and 7L.

From the foregoing explanation it will be observed that when the current is not acting in the charging-circuit the series of second ary batteries will be open-circuited or disconnected from the charging-circuit, and the latter will be shortcircuited around all of said batteries; also, when the charging-current is established in the charging circuit or line the short circuit around the batteries will be opened and all of the batteries will be thrown or automatically switched into the charging-circuit. Again,when the chargingcurrent stops all of the batteries will be automatically switched out of the charging-circuit and the latter short-circuited, as at first. These automatic operations prevent the inverse discharge of the batteries through the charging line or circuit when the chargingcurrent is discontinued, prevent reversal. of polarity in the dynamo-machine when such is employed for charging, and leave a closed-circuit for the charging-current to re-establish itself in when recharging or continued charging of the batteries is desired.

This application is a division of my original application, designated as Case T, filed June 13, 1882, Serial No. (31,033, and for the sake of convenience in distinguishing it from other applications is designated as Division A of Case T.

The invention described and claimed in my original application referred to relates, broadly, to devices or mechanism for automatically controlling and manipulating the charging-current, and it is not confined to any particular arrangement or association of the batteries with respect to the charging-circuit, and I make no claim in this case to such broad sul'iject-matter, as in this application the invention shown, described, and claimed relates to a separate an d distinct improvement consisting in the relative arrangement of the batteries, charging-circuit, and an automatic switching mechanism, substantially as shown and described, and as will hereinafter be pointed out in the claims, and is not restricted to the particular construction and arrangement of parts shown and described for automatically switching or manipulating the charging-current.

The invention, herein described and claimed is described but not specifically claimed in patents gran ted in the following foreign countries: England,No. 3,108,July1,1882; France, No.150,318, July26,1882; Belgium, No. 58,539, July 22, 1882; Germany, No. 21,582, July 25, 1.882; Italy, No; 11,153, September 30, 1882; Austria-Hungary, No. 3,004, April 15, 1883; Russia, No. 5,699, August 5, 1882; Spain, No. 3,178, February 1, 1883; Portugal, No. 811, May 2,1883; Cape of Good Hope, No.11 /121, December 15, 1882; India, No. 170/ 82, May 8, 1883; New South lYales, No. 1,202, June 27, 1883; V'ctoria, No. 3,311, November 13,1882; South Australia, No. 318, December 20, 1882. Having fully described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. The combinatiomwith an electrical gen-'- erator, a main or charging circuit, and two or more secondary batteries included in the main or charging circuit in series, and a discharging or working circuit connected with each battery, of a switch constructed and arranged to switch all said batteries into the charging-circuit, and an electro-magnet included in the charging-circuit and adapted to actuate the switch and automatically and simultaneously switch all said batteries into forth.

2. The combination, with an electrical generator, a main or charging circuit, and two or more secondary batteries included in the main or charging circuit in series, each of said batteries having a discharging or working circuit connected therewith,'of a switch constructed and arranged to switch all said batteries out ot the charging-circuit and an electro-magnet included in the charging-circuit and adapted to actuate the switch and automatically and simultaneously switch all said batteries out of the charging-eircuit, substantially as set forth.

3. The combination, with an electrical generator, a main or charging circuit, and two or more secondary batt eriesinchided in the main or charging circuit in series, each secondary battery being provided with a discharging or working circuit, of a switch constructed and adapted to switch said batteries into and out of the charging-circuit, and a circuit around all of said batteries adapted to be opened and closed by said switch, and an electro-magnet constructed and arranged to actuate said switch and automatically and simultaneously switch said batteries and discharging-cireuits out of the charging-circuit when the current stops or becomes sufficiently reduced and establish a circuit for the charging-current around all said batteries, substantially as set forth.

i. The combination, with an electrical generator, amain or charging circuit, and two or more secondarybatteries included in the main or charging circuit in series, each secondary battery being provided with a discharging or working circuit, and a circuit around all said batteries adapted to be opened and closed by a switch, ot'a switch constructed and arranged to open and close a circuit around said batteries and an eleciro-magnet included in the charging-circuit and adapted to actuate. said switch and autonnttically establish a closed circuit around said batteries and their disf cliarging-cireuitswhen the charging-current the charging-circuit, substantially as set steps or becomes suiticiently reduced, substantially as set forth.

The combination, with an electrical generator, a main or charging circuit, and two or more secondary batteries included in the main or charging circuit in series, each secondary battery being provided with a discharging or working circuit, of a circuit including a resistance around all said batteries, a switch for opening and closing the resistancecircuit, and an electro-magnet constructed and arranged to actuate the switch and automatically and simultaneously switch all said batteries out of the charging-circuit and establish a circuit, including the resistance, around said batteries, substantially as set forth.

(3. In a system embracing a suitable electric generator, the combination, with a main or charging circuit, two or more secondary batteries included in the main or charging circuit in series, a discharging-circuit connected with each battery, and a circuit around said batteries adapted to be opened and closed by a switch, of a switch constructed and arranged to switch all said batteries into and out of the charging-circuit and to open and close a cir cuit around all said batteries, and an electromagnet included in the charging-circuit and adapted to actuate the switch and autoinatically and simultaneously switch all said batteries out of the charging-circuit and establish a circuit around all said batteries when the charging-currentceases orbecomessufliciently reduced, and for opening said circuit and automatically and simultaneously switching the batteries into the charging-circuit when the charging-current is rc-csiablished, substantially as set forth.

In testimony whereof I have signed this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

CHARLES F. BRUSH.

\Vitnesses:

LnvnRETT L. LEeeETr, ALBERT E. LYNCH. 

